11, 12 Moreover, in traditional use, epimedium has been used for treating POI, which is more effective in combination with other herbs. 10 In the theory of TMC, epimedium exerts effects in treating impotence, infertility, amnesia, osteoporosis, senile functional diseases and cardiovascular diseases. 9 It is well renowned in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and has been widely used in Asian countries for hundreds of years since ancient times. 8 Chinese herbal medicine, as a relatively safe and effective medicine, supplies another choice for POI patients.Įpimedium, also called Yinyanghuo or Horny Goat Weed, is a perennial herbaceous plant. 7 Presently, POI is ameliorated mostly by estrogen supplementation, but it has some side effects, like increasing risk of breast cancer and endometrial carcinoma. 6 The main pathogen of POI is not very clear, but it is classified as genetic, iatrogenic and autoimmune.
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3– 5 A series of complications are found in POI patients, including sexual dysfunction, infertility, osteoporosis, vasomotor symptoms and cardiovascular diseases. 1, 2 POI is a common, spontaneous and heterogeneous disease characterized by amenorrhea and perimenopausal syndrome in woman before the age of forty. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is the loss of ovarian follicular property and results in failure of normal cycle of ovarian function. Keywords: network pharmacology, premature ovarian insufficiency, epimedium, infertility, GO, KEGG In addition, gene-enrichment analysis suggested that epimedium appeared to play a role in POI by modulating 6 molecular functions, 5 cellular components, 15 biological processes and striking 52 potential targets involved in 13 signaling pathways.Ĭonclusion: This study predicted the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of epimedium against POI from a holistic perspective, as well as provided a powerful tool for exploring pharmacological mechanisms and rational clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine. Results: The network analysis revealed that 6 targets (ESR1, AR, ESR2, KDR, CYP19A1 and ESRRG) might be the therapeutic targets of epimedium on POI.
Methods: In this study, we adopt the network pharmacology method, which mainly includes active ingredients prescreening, target prediction, gene enrichment analysis and network analysis. To systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of epimedium on POI therapy, a network pharmacology approach was conducted at the molecular level. Epimedium is a common traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is widely used to relieve POI in China. *These authors contributed equally to this workīackground and purpose: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) refers to a hypergonadotropic hypoestrogenism and the condition of pre-onset ovarian function failure.
Reproductive Medicine Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of ChinaĬentral Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China Huishan Zhao, 1,* Yinghua Shan, 1,* Zhi Ma, 1 Mingwei Yu, 2 Benjiao Gong 3ġReproductive Medicine Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China 2Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China 3Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
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